<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nasreddin Hoca ( 1208, Hortu – 1284, Ak\u015fehir) Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti d\u00f6neminde Hortu ile Ak\u015fehir \u00e7evresinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan efsanevi ki\u015fi ve mizah kahraman\u0131d\u0131r. Babas\u0131 Hortu k\u00f6y\u00fc imam\u0131 Abdullah Efendi, annesi ayn\u0131 k\u00f6yden S\u0131d\u0131ka Hatun’dur. Genel olarak haz\u0131r cevab\u0131 ve mizah anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile haiz bir bilge olarak aksettirilmi\u015f olan hikayeleriyle tan\u0131nan, bir bilge \u015fah\u0131s olarak bildirilen ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hortu k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011fan Nasreddin Hoca burada temel e\u011fitimini ald\u0131ktan sonra Sivrihisar’da medresede e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc memleketinde k\u00f6y imaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.Seyyid Mahmud Hayrani ve Seyyid Hac\u0131 \u0130brahim’in derslerini dinlemi\u015f, \u0130slam diniyle ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bir s\u00f6ylentiye g\u00f6re medresede ders okutmu\u015f, kad\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6revinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu g\u00f6revlerinden dolay\u0131 kendisine Nasuriddin H\u00e2ce ad\u0131 verilmi\u015f, sonradan bu ad Nasreddin Hoca bi\u00e7imini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Anadolu’nun \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde hocal\u0131k, katiplik, m\u00fcderrislik, kad\u0131l\u0131k ve mahkemelerde bilirki\u015filik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nasreddin Hoca mizahi ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc f\u0131kralar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan milli k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcze mal olmu\u015f bir halk filozofu, bilge ve mizah ustas\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, \u0130slam aleminde bilinir ve sevilir. F\u0131kralar\u0131 sadece Anadolu\u2019da de\u011fil, Balkanlar, Orta Asya ve Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da da anlat\u0131l\u0131r ve halk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn masal kahraman\u0131 Nasreddin Hoca; zeki, bilgili, sevimli, pratik zek\u00e2 sahibi, saf ve \u00e7\u0131kars\u0131z bir bilge olup, ana-baba-\u00e7ocuk ve yeti\u015fkin rolleriyle T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, engin zek\u00e2s\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tmaya, davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani Hoca, tatl\u0131 dilli, g\u00fcler y\u00fczl\u00fc, samimi \u00f6zl\u00fc bir ki\u015fili\u011fe sahiptir. Onun bir halk kahraman\u0131 gibi sevilmesinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedeni hik\u00e2ye ve f\u0131kralar\u0131nda bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 duygu ve inceliktir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 g\u00fcld\u00fcr\u00fcr ama onlarla alay etmez. Muhataplar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsemeden onlar\u0131 ayd\u0131nlat\u0131r. As\u0131l amac\u0131 insanlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmek ve onlara ders vermektir.F\u0131kralar\u0131nda kimi zaman kad\u0131, kimi zaman imam, kimi zaman sade bir vatanda\u015f, kimi zaman da m\u00fcderris olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. G\u00fclery\u00fczl\u00fc ve \u015fakac\u0131d\u0131r.Nasreddin Hocan\u0131n sa\u011flam bir \u0130slam inanc\u0131, k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir din bilgisi vard\u0131r. Tasavvuf k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de bilen Hoca, din konulu bir\u00e7ok yazma eserde evliyalar aras\u0131nda an\u0131l\u0131r. Nasreddin Hoca, Evliya \u00c7elebi’nin Seyahatname’sinde bilge olarak tan\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nasreddin Hoca f\u0131kralar\u0131, \u00fcn\u00fc geni\u015f co\u011frafyalara yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir halk bilgesi olan Nasrettin Hoca’ya mal edilen ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc gelenek i\u00e7inde aktar\u0131larak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze gelmi\u015f k\u0131sa ve yo\u011fun anlat\u0131lard\u0131r. Nasreddin Hoca hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan ilk kitapta (Hikayat-i Kitab-\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nasreddin) 43 f\u0131kra varken, 1676 da yaz\u0131lan kitapta 112, 1822 de 160, 1958 de ise 445 Nasreddin Hoca f\u0131kras\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
F\u0131kralar\u0131n\u0131n temel \u00f6zelli\u011fi, insandan yola \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131d\u0131r. F\u0131kralar\u0131nda insan\u0131n ya\u015fam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki ve toplumdaki durumunu, zekice yap\u0131lan n\u00fcktelerle karikat\u00fcrize eder Nasreddin Hoca. Zalimler, dalkavuklar, hak yiyenler, yalanc\u0131lar, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck da\u011flar\u0131 ben yaratt\u0131m diyenler onun f\u0131kralar\u0131nda yerini al\u0131r. Nasrettin Hoca f\u0131kralar\u0131 hem e\u011flenceli hem de \u00f6\u011fretici nitelikleriyle bilinir. Bu f\u0131kralar, T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn zengin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r ve insanlar\u0131 g\u00fcld\u00fcrerek d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye te\u015fvik eder. 1284’te Ak\u015fehir’de \u00f6len ve burada defnedilen Nasreddin Hoca’n\u0131n mezar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresi daha sonra t\u00fcrbe haline getirilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrbenin d\u00f6rt taraf\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k, bir taraf\u0131n\u0131n asma kilitle kapal\u0131 olmas\u0131 Nasreddin Hoca\u2019n\u0131n mizah anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6stergesidir. Ak\u015fehir’deki bu t\u00fcrbede bulunan mermer s\u00fctunlar \u00fczerinde yaz\u0131lan yaz\u0131lar da Nasreddin Hoca hususunda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan en \u00f6nemli belgelerdir. Yaz\u0131 baki, \u00f6m\u00fcr fanidir. Kul g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r, Allah affedicidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nasrettin Hoca F\u0131kralar\u0131ndan Se\u00e7meler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00b7 Ya Tutarsa<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nasreddin Hoca bir g\u00fcn g\u00f6l\u00fcn k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na gider. Elinde koca bir ka\u015f\u0131k yo\u011furdu da yan\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f. Nasreddin Hoca, ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki yo\u011furdu g\u00f6le sokmu\u015f ve yo\u011furdu g\u00f6le bo\u015faltm\u0131\u015f.O s\u0131rada k\u00f6yl\u00fclerden biri onu g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla: “Hoca ne yap\u0131yorsun”, diye sormu\u015f. Hoca g\u00fcl\u00fcmseyerek:”G\u00f6l\u00fc mayal\u0131yorum”, demi\u015f. Adam, Hoca\u2019ya bakm\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fclerek: “Ne diyorsun be Hoca, koskoca g\u00f6l hi\u00e7 maya tutar m\u0131?”, demi\u015f. Hoca g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemesini hi\u00e7 bozmadan: “Peki ama ya tutarsa”, demi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00b7 Bizim Eve de U\u011frard\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nasreddin Hoca\u2019n\u0131n han\u0131m\u0131 olmak zor mu zor; geleni olur, gideni olur. Hoca\u2019n\u0131n han\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri hep kom\u015fular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ev oturmalar\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Gitse olmaz, gitmese olmaz, ne de olsa Hoca han\u0131m\u0131\u2026 Belki de Hoca han\u0131m\u0131 olman\u0131n verdi\u011fi sorumluluktan dolay\u0131 kimsenin g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rmaz ve davetlere gider. Han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok gezdi\u011fini bilen bir kom\u015fusu g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde Hoca\u2019ya; \u201cHocam, yanl\u0131\u015f anlamay\u0131n ama senin han\u0131m galiba \u00e7ok geziyor\u2026\u201d der. Nasreddin Hoca, kom\u015fusunun s\u00f6z\u00fc nereye getirmek istedi\u011fini bildi\u011fi i\u00e7in; \u201cAdam sen de! E\u011fer senin dedi\u011fin gibi \u00e7ok gezmi\u015f olsayd\u0131 arada s\u0131rada bizim eve de u\u011frard\u0131!\u201d deyiverir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00b7 Cennet ile Cehennem Dolana Kadar<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Geveze adam\u0131n biri Nasreddin Hoca\u2019yla sokakta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. \u201cHoca Efendi, sen g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ge\u00e7irmi\u015f ve okumu\u015f bir adams\u0131n, bilirsin. \u0130nsanlar ne zamana kadar \u00f6lecekler?\u201d diye sorar. Hoca adam\u0131n niyetini anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, \u015f\u00f6yle bir sakal\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131vazlad\u0131ktan sonra; \u201cBe adam, bunu bilemeyecek ne var? Cennet ile cehennem dolana kadar.\u201d deyiverir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NAG\u0130HAN AGA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Nasreddin Hoca ( 1208, Hortu – 1284, Ak\u015fehir) Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti d\u00f6neminde Hortu ile Ak\u015fehir \u00e7evresinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan efsanevi ki\u015fi ve mizah kahraman\u0131d\u0131r. Babas\u0131 Hortu k\u00f6y\u00fc imam\u0131 Abdullah Efendi, annesi ayn\u0131 k\u00f6yden S\u0131d\u0131ka Hatun’dur. Genel olarak haz\u0131r cevab\u0131 ve mizah anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile haiz bir bilge olarak aksettirilmi\u015f olan hikayeleriyle tan\u0131nan, bir bilge \u015fah\u0131s olarak bildirilen<\/p>\n